美 [rɪˈfaɪnɪŋ]
v. 精炼，提纯；改进，改善（refine 的现在分词）
refine /rɪˈfaɪn/ CET4 TEM4 [ refining refined refines ]
及物动词 When a substance is refined, it is made pure by having all other substances removed from it. 提炼
Oil is refined to remove naturally occurring impurities.
油经过提炼去除天然生成的杂质。
不可数名词 提炼
...oil refining.
…炼油。
及物动词 If something such as a process, theory, or machine is refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it. 完善
Surgical techniques are constantly being refined.
外科手术技术正在不断得到完善。
the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.)
同义词： refinement / purification
晶粒细化-引用次数：61
Therefore,the research of grain refining will become a key direction in the the duplex stainless steel. The method to refine the grain size of 2205 duplex stainless steel was investigated throughσtreatment and anti-σtreatment.
因此,对双相不锈钢特别是2205双相不锈钢进行晶粒细化方法的探讨,已成为该类钢实际应用的一个重要研究方向。
精制-引用次数：33
The paper presents a new refining technology as etherification material with coker gasoline of Nanjing Refinery.
本文研究了南京炼油厂延迟焦化汽油作为醚化原料的一种新的精制工艺。
参考来源一种改善焦化汽油贮存安定性的新工艺 A NEW TECHNOLOGY OF IMPROVING THE STORAGE STABILITY OF COKER GASOLINE
精炼-引用次数：24
提炼
炼油
提炼-引用次数：61
Respect was given to amounts of classical papers and review was given on the base in the process of topic and method refining.
在提炼研究主题、探寻研究方法的过程中,本文对国内外涉及网络标准竞争问题的经典文献进行了系统整理、分类和评析。
参考来源网络技术进步与网络标准竞争
优化-引用次数：17
That nodal centering control and refining dispersed points increase the accuracy of solver. This program applies multi-threaded technology to time-consuming date, thus program can response user~s command even in the process of computation.
程序中使用双向链表数据结构处理离散点信息，对于系数矩阵采用非零元素一维压缩存储技术，降低了存储量和计算量，通过节点对中调整和加密离散点等优化措施进一步提高了解的精度。
精炼
提炼
细化
精炼-引用次数：25
澄清-引用次数：9
In order to predict the glass quality, the whole model combines some additional sub-models which describe the glass melt tracking, melting kinetics, homogenizing, refining and corrosion of refractory.
为了预测玻璃质量,整体模型中包括描述玻璃液轨迹、熔化、均化、澄清和耐火材料侵蚀的子模型。
参考来源玻璃熔制过程的三维数值模拟
提炼-引用次数：2
参考来源WSA硫酸装置工业运行优化研究
炼油
精炼-引用次数：5
纯化工艺-引用次数：3
Objective:To study the optimal methods of refining forsythiaside from leaf of Forsythia suspense Method:The ability of refining forsythiaside was compared in different types of macroporous resins and different technological conditions.
目的:优选连翘叶中连翘酯苷的最佳大孔树脂纯化工艺。 方法:比较不同型号的大孔树脂和不同工艺条件对连翘酯苷的分离纯化能力。
参考来源连翘中连翘酯苷的大孔树脂纯化工艺
精炼-引用次数：17
Crude fish oil contains some impurity of nonglyceride, which affects the stability of fish oil. The impurity can be removed through refining.
粗鱼油中通常含有一定量的非甘油三酯杂质成分,这些杂质会影响鱼油的稳定性和进一步的深加工,通过精炼可以除去这部分杂质。
参考来源金枪鱼油的精炼及其脂肪酸组成特征
精细化-引用次数：4
Three enzymes,xylanase,laccase and cellulase,were used in the refining on natural bamboo fibers.
采用三种酶:木聚糖酶、漆酶和纤维素酶对竹原纤维进行精细化处理。
参考来源竹原纤维精细化技术研究
精制
精练
优化-引用次数：4
That nodal centering control and refining dispersed points increase the accuracy of solver. This program applies multi-threaded technology to time-consuming date, thus program can response user~s command even in the process of computation.
程序中使用双向链表数据结构处理离散点信息，对于系数矩阵采用非零元素一维压缩存储技术，降低了存储量和计算量，通过节点对中调整和加密离散点等优化措施进一步提高了解的精度。
精化-引用次数：9
精炼
电解铝液生产铝合金扁锭工艺技术研究与实践-吾爱文库网 关键词:电解铝液;铝合金扁锭;精炼;晶粒细化 [gap=320]Keywords:electrolyticaluminumliquid;aluminumalloyslab;refining;grainrefinement
...Refining, Strength properties, Total effective chlorine [gap=1161]关键字。重组锰过氧化物酶，生物漂白，酶，ECF，TCF，木质素降解，牛皮纸浆，炼油，强度性能，总有效氯 ...
CNKI科研诚信管理系统研究中心-新闻动态-医学科研立项项目查新点的确立与提炼 关键词:科研立项;查新;查新点;提炼 [gap=503]Key words:scientific project;novelty search;novelty search points;refining
精制(Refining) 脱酸(alkali refining): 油脂中含有各种小分子挥发性成分如酮、醛、酸 等，即使含量不高，有时也会产生显著气味， 例如：黄豆所...
[化工][油气][冶]精炼；改善
[化工][油气][冶]精炼（refine的ing形式）
The raw material for the tyre is a byproduct of oil refining.
这种轮胎的原料是汽油提炼的副产品。
The refining process removes the bran and germ from the grain.
精制过程将麸皮和胚芽从谷物中除去。
Finally, the refining and burning of petroleum and its products can cause air pollution.
最后，石油及其产品的提炼和燃烧过程会造成空气污染。
White rice is often enriched to replace some nutrients lost during the refining process.
VOA : special.2010.06.30
I'm interested in nonaqueous electrochemistry, so molten salts and polymers, the applied research. First of all, interested in environmentally sound technologies for extraction, refining, recycling of metals.
我对非水溶剂电化学感兴趣，还有熔盐和聚合物，以及应用性研究，首先，对环保型技术提取感兴趣,如金属的提取和精炼，以及循环回收。
固态化学导论课程节选 : 麻省理工公开课
But refining in just the right way is going to turn out to be a surprisingly not straightforward matter, at least that's how it seems to me.
但是让人惊讶的是，要正确地修改它,并不是那么直接而简单的，至少在我看来不是。
死亡课程节选 : 耶鲁公开课
Refining companies pay more than ten dollars a kilogram for computer boards.
VOA : special.2010.11.01
The end product is then often enriched, to replace a portion of the nutrients lost during the refining process.
VOA : standard.2010.06.25
Cohen, 56, began his career refining the solar thermal process at Jerusalem's Hebrew University in 1977.
India, for its part, has ramped up refining but gotten ahead of domestic demand.
Sheeley and his Shook Labs' partner, Michael Cook, spent nights and weekends refining GeoSync Up.