阻止，抑制：指阻碍进展或实现目标。
保留，隐瞒：指不透露或保留重要信息。
克制，抑制：指控制自己的情绪或行为。
hold back // [ holding held holds ]
动词词组 If you hold back or if something holds you back, you hesitate before you do something because you are not sure whether it is the right thing to do. (使) 犹豫
The Bush administration had several reasons for holding back.
布什政府的犹豫不决有几个原因。
动词词组 To hold someone or something back means to prevent someone from doing something, or to prevent something from happening. 阻止
Stagnation in home sales is holding back economic recovery.
住房销售的停滞正阻碍着经济的复苏。
动词词组 If you hold something back, you keep it in reserve to use later. 储存
Farmers apparently hold back produce in the hope that prices will rise.
农场主们囤积农产品显然是希望价格会上涨。
动词词组 If you hold something back, you do not include it in the information you are giving about something. 隐瞒
You seem to be holding something back.
你好像在隐瞒什么。
动词词组 If you hold back something such as tears or laughter, or if you hold back, you make an effort to stop yourself from showing how you feel. 克制住 (泪水或笑声等)
She kept trying to hold back her tears.
她一直在试图忍住不掉眼泪。
动词词组 If a teacher holds a student back, they keep them in the same grade instead of promoting them to a higher grade, because their work is not good enough. 使…留级
16 percent of eighth-graders were held back for poor performance.
16%的8年级学生因为成绩差而被留级。
refrain from doing
同义词： forbear
遏制-引用次数：15
止逆装置
阻止
... hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；隐瞒，保守(秘密等) hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等一会 hold out 维持，保持；坚持(要求)，不屈服 ...
... hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；隐瞒，保守(秘密等) hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等一会 hold out 维持，保持；坚持(要求)，不屈服hold up 支持，支撑，延迟；抢劫；展示，举出 ...
... hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；隐瞒，保守(秘密等) hold on 坚持住，握住不放；(打电话时)不挂断，等一会 hold out 维持，保持；坚持(要求)，不屈服 ...
... get his way： 他就得逞,随心所欲他就得逞,随心所欲 Fire away不停地射击；开始说话或做事 hold back隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止 ...
She kept trying to hold back her tears.
她一直在试图忍住不掉眼泪。
He could no longer hold back his tears.
他再也无法控制住眼泪。
She just managed to hold back her anger.
她勉强压住了自己的怒火。
Some Internet companies are worried that concerns about privacy could hold back the growth of cloud computing.
VOA : standard.2010.06.22
So you have this firmament, ; Which is beaten back to hold back primeval waters that are pressing in; you have land which is holding down the waters here.
现在有了苍穹，它被锤平来阻挡汹涌而至的水流;,也有阻挡下面水流的土地。
旧约导论课程节选 : 耶鲁公开课
And what I need is somebody to hold me back a little bit
我倒是需要有人约束我一下，提醒我稍微收敛一下，
SpeakingMax英语口语达人 : 发挥创造力的瞬间
"I really didn't hold back,". "I talk about some really personal stuff in my life.
VOA : standard.2009.09.03
"That will involve keeping countries happy with the division of labor as regards carbon trading, as regards how much they want to hold back their own industrial development, even though they say particularly many of the EU's new countries that they were poor for a long time, no different than the Chinese, that they have a right to develop their economy, that it is the rich countries in Europe that are more responsible for climate change than they are and they should get special treatment in any kind of EU position."
VOA : standard.2009.10.29
"They kind of hold back a bit when they see the cost of benefits, " he says.
In theory, a government could use monetary and fiscal policy to hold back inflation.
China's disappointing 7.7% growth in the first quarter is also unlikely to hold back issuance.