英 [rɪˈfjuːz(ə)l] 美 [rɪˈfjuːz(ə)l]
n. 拒绝，回绝；拒绝接受，拒绝给予；优先取舍权，优先购买权（first refusal）；选择权；（马）（对障碍物的）拒跳
复数refusals
refusal /rɪˈfjuːzəl/ CET4 TEM4
有变体名词 Someone's refusal to do something is the fact of them showing or saying that they will not do it, allow it, or accept it. 拒绝
Her country suffered through her refusal to accept change.
她的国家因为她拒绝接受变革而受了害。
习语 If someone has first refusal on something that is being sold or offered, they have the right to decide whether or not to buy it or take it before it is offered to anyone else. 优先购买权
A tenant may have a right of first refusal if a property is offered for sale.
如果房产要出售，房客可以有优先购买权。
the act of refusing
a message refusing to accept something that is offered
拒绝-引用次数：204
However, few refer to pragmatic analysis of refusal letters in business field.
但用语用学理论专门对书面信函中的拒绝策略进行分析则很少有人涉及。
参考来源中文商务信函中拒绝策略的语用分析
优先取舍权
优先购买权
拒绝-引用次数：16
This attitude is negative refusal or active acceptance.
这种态度即表现为消极的拒绝或者积极的参与。
参考来源论影像表意及其接受与情绪的关系
桩止点
止点（桩的）
驳回
... reexamination复审 refusal驳回 register of patents专利登记册 ...
...职业化的赛事，球员的走与来是最正常不过了，最近的比如：艾弗森，与76人签订了无保障合同，韦佛因体检不过关被火箭拒签(Refusal)，是多么的残酷与现实啊。
Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.
她的答复等于完全拒绝。
His refusal to talk was simple stubbornness.
他拒绝交谈只是出于固执。
His refusal to discuss the matter is very annoying.
他拒绝商量这件事，令人很恼火。
His refusal to accept other people's ideas and rules continued as he grew older.
VOA : special.2010.05.30
The lady's refusal to drink of Comus' cup was just the first of Milton's attempts to bring the action of ingestion to the very center of a literary work.
拒绝司酒宴之神的杯子的女士,是弥尔顿第一次尝试把摄取食物的行动,注入到文学作品的中心去。
弥尔顿课程节选 : 耶鲁公开课
You could see the kind of grim refusal to apologize for "boughten friendship," as a kind of, well, as a kind of apology for his own popular success.
你可以看到他无情地拒绝了,为“买来的友谊“道歉“,就像为他自己当红的成功,道歉一样。
现代诗歌课程节选 : 耶鲁公开课
They would criticize Benny's refusal to replace his ancient automobile.
VOA : special.2009.10.11
But this refusal also limited her movie career.
VOA : special.2010.05.23
Singh s refusal to cut quality corners ensured that DLF could get premium prices for its properties.
Western countries are concerned by Hamas' refusal to renounce violence and recognize Israeli statehood.
In addition its refusal to regard integrated schools as a "preferred option" has annoyed Alliance politicians.
BBC: Will schools report follow in the wake of Eames Bradley?