It was granted a monopoly on joint-stock banking by Parliament in return for giving war loans to the government.

作为向政府银行提供战争贷款的回报，议会授予它对股份制银行的垄断地位。

But none of these recent philanthropic IPOs actually gives investors voting rights, unlike during the boom in "joint-stock philanthropy" in 18th-century England.

但没有任何这些慈善机构的初次公开发行大会给予投资者投票权。不像18世纪的英格兰流行的合资性慈善性组织。

It was granted a monopoly on joint stock banking by Parliament in return for giving war loans to the government.

作为向政府给予战争贷款的交换,英格兰银行被英国国会授予,成为股份制银行的垄断者。

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After the South Sea Bubble burst in 1720, a ban on setting up joint stock companies lasted for 100 years.

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That may lead other foreign banks to withdraw their money from Vietnam, leaving the joint stock banks in a mess.

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American Express was founded in 1850 as a joint stock association and was incorporated in 1965 as a New York corporation.

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